In this regard, in the recent years, new approaches including the recruitment of nanotechnology in targeted topical drug delivery have been considered to overcome these drawbacks and cause optimum clinical response (Salvioni et al., 2021) Therefore, different types of nanoparticles including lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsion/microemulsion, vesicular nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and metal nanoparticles have been used as topical drug delivery systems for melasma management
juncea GCL) abolishes the redox response and locks GCL into a monomeric form (Hothorn et al., The in vitro change in GCL structure also occurs in vivo
This allows for personalized dosing and significantly lower costs while maintaining the same high standards of care
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002932 81 Pittas, S., Theodoridis, X., Haidich, A.-B., Bozikas, P.-V