The global prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, with projections indicating a substantial increase in disease burden over the coming decades ( Patients with T2DM and ESRD represent a particularly high-risk population characterized by advanced metabolic dysfunction, a high burden of cardiovascular disease, and extensive polypharmacy ( Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) improve glycemic control by increasing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, delaying gastric emptying, and inducing weight loss
More serious, albeit less common, side effects include the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors, as observed in animal studies
These outcomes also depend "heavily" on patient characteristics, the expert added
The IHC results also revealed a significant increase in the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells in the PV2-S71 + PV3-N77 group compared to the PV2 + PV3 group, indicating stronger antigen-specific CD8 + T cell activation to combat cancer cells