Given the close pathophysiological links among diabetic microvascular complications, including nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy with endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia-induced metabolic disturbances [31, 32], it is plausible that the protective effects of GLP-1 RAs extend beyond kidneys and eyes to encompass peripheral nerves
Circulation, 149(17), e1298e1316
The post says GLP-1 receptors are expressed on macrophages and T lymphocytes, both central to rheumatoid inflammation, and that activating them may reduce production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-6
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