In further studies, only the formation of [14C]carbon dioxide from [14C-1]glucose was measured, with the addition of: sodium ascorbate (which undergoes a non-enzymic reaction in air to produce hydrogen peroxide) acetylphenylhydrazine (which is known to precipitate haemolysis in sensitive subjects, and depletes glutathione) methylene blue (which oxidises NADPH) All incubations were repeated in the presence and absence of N -ethylmaleimide, which undergoes a non-enzymic reaction with the -SH group of reduced glutathione, and thus depletes the cell of glutathione
In prostate cancer, expression of androgen receptormediated LAT3 ( SLC43A1 ) and leucine uptake can be inhibited by anti-androgen treatment, inducing the compensatory upregulation of LAT1 ( SLC7A5 ) (Wang et al., 2011)
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However, excessive doses deplete glutathione stores allowing NAPQI to damage the cell, particularly mitochondria [64,65]
