Genes that build the glutathione and metallothionein systems, including GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and the metallothionein genes, strongly influence how efficiently the body binds and excretes mercury
Further, mutations in OCTN2 can lead to fertility issues by disrupting carnitine homeostasis in the reproductive system, particularly in the epididymis
Similarly, ROS also enhance inflammation through NF-B pathway activation, leading to IB degradation, NF-B nuclear translocation, and transcriptional upregulation of inflammatory mediators [93, 94]
Current evidence supports the role of GGT in the assessment of portal hypertension in cystic fibrosis, porto-sinusoidal vascular disease, malignant mesothelioma, and incident type 2 diabetes and as a biomarker of cardiometabolic risk and cardiovascular disease