In addition to the US FDA approved GLP-1RAs, there are GLP1/glucagon dual agonists (Cotadutide, BI 456906), GIP/GLP1 dual agonists (Tirzepatide, GIP/GLP peptide I and II), GIP/GLP1/glucagon tri-agonists (HM15211, GGG tri-agonist) and GLP1R agonists (Efpeglenatide, Rybelsus) currently in phase 1- III clinical trials for T2D, obesity, and NASH (MASH) treatments (12)
B.ViolletC.RichterD.et al
The second dominant phylum Bacteroidetes is mainly represented by the genera Bacteroides and Prevotella ( The microbial community provides numerous benefits for the host contributing to metabolism of nutrients, drugs, xenobiotics, maintenance of gut barrier function and intestinal immune homeostasis (Table 1 summarizes information regarding the experimental conditions and the identified microbiota-produced GRP metabolites
Rybelsus also contains semaglutide as an active ingredient but in oral rather than injectable form