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COMBINATION OR SEQUENTIAL THERAPY Neurostimulation Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a noninvasive method of neuromodulation using cutaneous adhesive electrodes to apply pulsed electrical stimulation that stimulates A-beta fibers with the goal of indirectly inhibiting nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn [87-89]

This surge underscores not just the growing impact of these medications on personal health, but also the collective responsibility we share in their safe and environmentally sound disposal

Patients experiencing significant nausea or other side effects may struggle to maintain adequate nutrition or may reduce their dose, potentially slowing progress

Future investigations should incorporate high-resolution joint-tissue single-cell transcriptomics, long-term OA models, and clinically stratified cohorts to further elucidate the diagnostic utility and mechanistic function of LPCAT3 in OA pathogenesis