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To summarize, mitophagy is crucial in the management of DKD, and an imbalance of mitophagy can lead to an increase in apoptosis, cellular iron death, accelerated cellular senescence, ROS production, as has the intensity of inflammatory responses, activation of the NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles, an augmentation in oxidative stress, and a decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis, but these can be solved through drugs or compounds such as TSF, JCYSTL, and metformin (Figs
Stay hydrated: Drink at least 2.5 to 3 liters of water each day