In experimental models, glutathione is used to study oxidative stress, detoxification, immune function, neurobiology, cartilage and joint health, ocular physiology, and skin-aging mechanisms
With the development of next-generation sequencing technologies such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing, internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequencing, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Birdshot Macro-genomics, Macro-transcriptomics, Metabolomics, and Macro-proteomics Mass Spectrometry, etc., the study of esophageal microecology has been gradually improved (11)
Moreover, the inclusion of L-carnitine at a daily dose of 23 g has been shown to enhance fat oxidation by approximately 1520%, while simultaneously supporting endogenous antioxidant enzyme systems [9]
Extensive research supports tighter glucose control to reduce complications